HSC Together Year 12 Physics: Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

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Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

Let’s investigate the relationship of Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion to the forces acting on, and the total energy of, planets in circular and non-circular orbits using:

  • Orbital period
  • Kepler’s laws

Orbital period

1. Law of Orbits: all planets move in an elliptical path around the sun

2. Law of Areas: a line that connects a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

3.Law of Periods: the square of the period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit

The law of period is as follows:

T^2 = \frac{4 \pi^2}{GM}a^3
  • T: years
  • an astronomical units
  • M solar mass

 

Kepler’s laws

This video explains all of Kepler’s laws and how they are derived.

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